Three days in Sukhothai: ruins most people give a morning to
The first Siamese capital, seen from a bicycle, before the coaches arrive and after they leave
- Length
- 3 days, 2 nights
- Where you stay
- Sukhothai
- Places
- 7 across 3 days
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Sukhothai is two places twelve kilometres apart. New Sukhothai is a small provincial town of about 14,000 people on a river, with guesthouses, a night market and no particular reason to exist for a visitor. Old Sukhothai is the walled capital of the kingdom that ran most of what is now Thailand from 1238, now a UNESCO listed park of ruined temples, moats and lakes, and it is one of the most beautiful places in the country.
Most people give it a morning between Bangkok and Chiang Mai, which is a mistake. The park covers a large area in several zones, the light is only good at either end of the day, and the whole thing works far better from a bicycle than from the back of a minibus. The ground is flat, the roads inside the walls are quiet, and hiring a bike for a day costs less than a cup of coffee.
Two nights gets the central zone in one late afternoon, the outer zones the following day, and leaves the middle hours free, which in the dry season is not optional. There is no shade to speak of among the ruins.
Highlights
- Wat Maha That at the centre of the walled city, lotus bud chedi over rows of columns
- Wat Sa Si on its island, reached across a causeway with a walking Buddha alongside
- The three Khmer prangs of Wat Si Sawai, older than the Thai kingdom around them
- Phra Achana at Wat Si Chum, a seated Buddha filling a roofless brick box
- The climb to Wat Saphan Hin and its standing Buddha above the plain
- Cycling between the ruins at dawn, before anybody else is up
Where to stay
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Sukhothai
The Sukhothai kingdom was founded in 1238 and at its height ran through parts of modern Laos and down the peninsula towards the Malay states. Its third ruler, Ramkhamhaeng, is the figure Thai history built into a national ideal: credited with the invention of the Thai alphabet, remembered as the model of a just king, and commemorated by a bronze statue at the centre of the park.
What survives is the plan of a walled city with a moat, three sets of gates, and something like twenty significant temples inside the walls and many more outside them. The Sukhothai style is easy to recognise once you have seen two of them: a chedi shaped like a lotus bud on a square base, brick faced in stucco, and the walking Buddha, a serene figure in mid stride that this kingdom invented and nowhere else quite matched.
Two nights is right. One is a coach stop; three is more ruins than most people want unless you are going out to Si Satchanalai, the sister city 50 km up the road, which deserves a day of its own.
Day by day
Day 1 in Sukhothai
The central zone: Wat Maha That, Wat Sa Si and Wat Si Sawai
Get out to the park for the last three hours of daylight, when the coaches have gone and the light comes in sideways across the water. Pick up a bicycle at the gate.
Wat Maha That is the centre of everything, the royal temple of the kingdom and the largest ruin in the park. A lotus bud chedi rises above the stumps of the columns that once held a roof over the assembly hall, subsidiary chedis stand at the corners, and a row of stucco monks walks around the base of the main one. Two standing Buddhas in brick mandapas flank it. Give it an hour and walk all the way round rather than photographing the front.
Wat Sa Si sits on an island in a man made lake a short ride north west, reached by a causeway. There is a bell shaped chedi in the Sri Lankan manner, a large white seated Buddha, and a walking Buddha in bronze on the bank. Of all the ruins in the park this is the one that photographs itself, particularly with the light behind it.
Wat Si Sawai is among the oldest things inside the walls and the odd one out. Its three tall prangs are Khmer, built as a Hindu shrine to Vishnu before Sukhothai was a Thai kingdom at all, and converted to Buddhist use afterwards. Standing in front of it is the clearest illustration in Thailand of what this place was built on top of.
- 15:30
Wat Maha That
HistoricThe royal temple at the middle of the walled city. Walk the full circuit, not just the postcard side.

- 17:00
Wat Sa Si
HistoricOn an island in a lake, reached by a causeway. Best in the last hour, with the light coming across the water.

- 18:00
Wat Si Sawai
HistoricThree Khmer prangs, raised to Vishnu before the Thai kingdom existed. Five minutes' ride south.

With more time: The national museum by the park's eastern gate is a good half hour of context if you arrive early enough, and the food stalls opposite the gate do a decent bowl of Sukhothai noodles for very little.
Day 2 in Sukhothai
North to Wat Si Chum, then the hill at Wat Saphan Hin
Out at opening, because the two best things today face east and because by ten the cycling stops being fun.
Wat Si Chum is north west of the walls and holds Phra Achana, a seated Buddha nearly fifteen metres high wedged into a square brick mondop with no roof, so that the whole figure is visible only through a tall slot in the front wall. It is the single most photographed thing in Sukhothai and it earns it: the gilded hand resting on the knee, the gap of sky above, the sheer scale of it in a small space. A narrow stairway runs up inside the thickness of the wall, and the slate slabs lining it are engraved with scenes from the Buddha's former lives. It is usually closed, so do not count on it.
Wat Phra Phai Luang is ten minutes further north and almost nobody stops there, which is reason enough. It stands inside its own moat, six hundred metres to a side, and it is really several temples of different periods on one site: one Khmer prang still standing of an original three, a ruined mondop with the remains of enormous stucco Buddhas, and a chedi whose niches still hold seated figures. It predates the central zone and reads as the older, rougher version of everything you saw yesterday.
Save Wat Saphan Hin for the late afternoon. It is a few kilometres west of the walls on a hill of about two hundred metres, and the way up is the original stone slab path, which is what the name refers to and which is harder underfoot than it looks. At the top is Phra Attharot, a standing Buddha twelve and a half metres tall with a hand raised, facing back over the plain towards the city it was built to watch.
- 08:00
Wat Si Chum
VisitPhra Achana, seen through the slot in the mondop wall. Go at opening: it faces east and the light is short.
- 09:30
Wat Phra Phai Luang
HistoricInside its own moat, ten minutes further north. Several temples of different centuries on one site, and empty.

- 16:00
Wat Saphan Hin
HistoricStone slab path up a 200 metre hill to a standing Buddha facing the plain. Late afternoon, and take water.
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With more time: The middle of this day is best spent out of the sun: back to the guesthouse, or in the shade by one of the lakes in the central zone with something cold. The west zone has several more hill temples if you want to keep going, and almost nobody in them.
Day 3 in Sukhothai
Phra Mae Ya, and the road out
A short morning in the new town before the bus or the plane. The Phra Mae Ya shrine sits by the river and is the one thing in New Sukhothai that people come to rather than pass through: a stone figure with a long face and a tapered chin, dressed as an ancient queen, said to date from Ramkhamhaeng's reign and treated with real reverence by the town. It takes ten minutes and tells you more about living Thai religion than a week among ruins does.
The morning market a few streets away is the other reason to be up. Sukhothai has its own noodle dish, thin rice noodles in a clear pork broth with green beans, peanuts and a lot of dried chilli, and it is a breakfast rather than a lunch here.
Then out. The bus station is fifteen minutes away, the airport is further north, and both are easier than the guesthouse will suggest.
- 08:00
Phra Mae Ya Shrine
ReligiousA stone queen by the river, and the town's own shrine rather than a monument. Ten minutes, and worth them.

- 09:00
Sukhothai noodles at the market
EatThin rice noodles, clear pork broth, green beans and peanuts. Eaten for breakfast here, and gone by mid morning.
- 10:30
To the bus or the airport
TravelTuk-tuk to the bus station for about 60 baht. Buses to Chiang Mai take roughly five hours, Bangkok rather more.
With more time: With a later departure, Si Satchanalai is 50 km north and is the same kingdom's second city: elephant chedis, a hill temple and hardly any visitors. It needs most of a day to be worth the drive.
Before you go
Getting in
Bangkok Airways flies daily from Suvarnabhumi to Sukhothai's small private airport in about an hour and twenty minutes, continuing on to Lampang. It is the fastest way and the most expensive.
By bus, Sukhothai is straightforward from anywhere: direct services from Bangkok's Mo Chit terminal run through the day, and Chiang Mai is about five hours. By train, the nearest station is Phitsanulok, roughly seven hours from either Bangkok or Chiang Mai, and buses cover the last hour from there.
The bus station is out of town. A tuk-tuk into New Sukhothai should cost about 50 to 60 baht, and it is genuinely walkable in fifteen minutes on the path behind the station, whatever the drivers tell you.
Getting around, and where to sleep
Sleeping in New Sukhothai is cheaper and has the night market and the bars; sleeping at Old Sukhothai, right beside the park gate, means you can be among the ruins at seven in the morning and back after sunset. For two nights, the old town wins, and it is not a close decision.
Rent a bicycle at the park entrance for a few tens of baht a day. The central zone is flat, walled and closed to through traffic, and the outer zones are a few kilometres of quiet road apart. A scooter makes more sense if you plan to reach the western hills as well.
A shuttle songthaew runs between the two towns for about 30 baht. Tuk-tuk drivers ask 600 baht for the trip out to the ruins; the going rate is around half that for a couple of hours, and 600 for the whole day.
Tickets and hours
The park sells tickets by zone, not as a single pass: the central zone, the north zone and the west zone are charged separately, and a bicycle costs a small extra fee at each gate. Keep your ticket, because it is checked when you move between them.
Gates open early and close in the early evening. The first hour after opening is the one worth having: the stone is warm, the lakes are still, the tour coaches have not arrived from Phitsanulok, and it is the only part of the day when cycling is comfortable.
When to go
November to February is the comfortable season, cooler and dry. March to May is hot enough to make the middle of the day among unshaded ruins genuinely unpleasant, and the northern burning season pushes haze this far south too.
By tradition the Loi Krathong festival began here, and in November the park stages it on a scale nowhere else attempts, with floating lights on the lakes and the ruins lit at night. Book months ahead if that is the plan.
Sukhothai is quieter than it deserves to be. The temples are ruins rather than restorations, the grass is cut, the lakes reflect, and outside the two or three famous ones you will often have a whole site to yourself.
Two nights, a bicycle and an early alarm. That is the entire trick.
Or make it a longer trip
These trips pass through here on the way somewhere else.
Make it your trip
Every stop, day and place here lands in your account as an editable trip. Move the days around, swap a city, add your own bookings and costs, and share it with whoever is coming.
Common questions
- Is Sukhothai worth two nights, or is a day enough?
- Two nights, if you have them. A day means arriving at eleven and leaving at three, which is exactly the window when the ruins are hottest, brightest and busiest. Two nights buys you two golden hours at either end of a day, which is when the place is actually beautiful.
- Should I stay in the old town or the new one?
- The old town, beside the park gate, if you want to cycle in at opening and come back after sunset. The new town, twelve kilometres east, is cheaper and has the night market, the bars and most of the guesthouses. A shuttle songthaew runs between the two.
- Do I need a bicycle?
- It is much the best way. The central zone is flat and closed to traffic, hire costs a few tens of baht a day at the gate, and the alternative is a tuk-tuk waiting at every stop. A scooter is better if you want the west zone hills as well.
- How does the ticketing work?
- By zone rather than as one pass. Central, north and west are charged separately, with a small extra fee for a bicycle at each gate. Two zones is enough for most people, and the central one is the essential one.
- Can I change these days around?
- Yes. Copy the three days into your own trip and move them about, but keep the ruins in the first and last hours of daylight, because the middle of the day here is unshaded and unrewarding.